Princeps first citizen a traditional roman name for prominent leaders

The era of the Roman Peace was one of massive social religious and cultural changes that would form a new pattern of western civilization

Augustus’s new system of government kept many features of roman republic allowed subject peoples a good idea of self-rule and brought Rome’s destabilizing expansion to a halt. The result was two hundred years of stability that modern scholars call the Roman Peace

Hadrian’s Wall constructed at the order of the emperor Hadrian between A.D 122 and 128 this frontier wall was originally 10 feet or more high. It ran seventy miles across the island of Britain

Caesar became dictator for life in 44 B.C

A crowd of senators struck him down with their daggers

The main assassins where Brutus and Cassius and Caesar’s grandnephew and his own adopted son

The Roman Empire got divided to Octavian who got Rome Lepidus who got North Africa and Mark Antony in Alexandria

Their cooperation did not last they went to war in 31 B.C and it ended up that Octavian got all the power and became the Supreme Warlord

Soon after Octavian’s triumph at Actium, the senate conferred on him a new title, Augustus (Revered One)

At the time Augustus did his best to make it seem as if no such historic change was underway. Again he proclaimed the goal of restoring the Republic and set about consolidating his supreme rule as much as possible within the traditional government and political framework

By arrangement with the Senate in 27 B.C Augustus was confirmed as commander in chief of the armed forces which included civil and military control of all provinces with garrisons

29-19 B.C Virgil composes the Aeneid

27 B.C end of Roman Republic and beginning of rule of Roman Emperors

A.D 14 Augustus dies and Tiberius takes over without challenge

A.D 62-70 Jewish revolt against Rome

A.D 117 Under Emperor Trajan the Roman Empire reaches its greatest extent

A.D 126 Pantheon built in Rome

A.D 212 all free inhabitants of the Roman Empire are declared Roman citizens

A.D 529 Justinian’s law code begins to be published systematizing the laws of Rome

Marcus Caelius, First Centurion this senior officer served for thirty years in Augustus’s reformed army before perishing in the German rebellion of A.D 9 his body was not found but inscription on his monument built by his brother says hopefully his bones may be interred her he holds his centurion’s baton and wears his many battle honors. Also commemorated are his two freemen who died with him. Evidently his bond with them are close.